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David P. Bartel Ph.D. is a Professor of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Member of the Whitehead Institute, and investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI). He earned his B.A. in Biology from Goshen College and his Ph.D. in Virology from Harvard University under the mentorship of Jack W. Szostak. While in the Szostak lab, Bartel isolated the first ribozymes directly from random sequence, using ''in vitro'' evolution (among these, the Class I ligase).〔''Science''. 1993 Sep 10;261(5127):1411-8. "Isolation of new ribozymes from a large pool of random sequences." Bartel DP, Szostak JW.〕 After he became independent at the Whitehead Institute, he further evolved this ribozyme to function as a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase to extend primers on external RNA templates, bolstering the "RNA world" theory.〔''Trends Cell Biol.'' 1999 Dec;9(12):M9-M13. "Constructing an RNA world." Bartel DP, Unrau PJ.〕 Bartel later shifted his research focus towards microRNA biology and in particular on understanding their regulatory functions.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.hhmi.org/scientists/david-p-bartel )〕 His lab was one of three that found that animals have many of these small regulatory RNAs, 〔"Science". 2001 Oct 26;294(5543):853-8. "Identification of novel genes coding for small expressed RNAs." Lagos-Quintana M1, Rauhut R, Lendeckel W, Tuschl T.〕〔"Science". 2001 Oct 26;294(5543):858-62. "An abundant class of tiny RNAs with probable regulatory roles in Caenorhabditis elegans." Lau NC1, Lim LP, Weinstein EG, Bartel DP.〕〔"Science". 2001 Oct 26;294(5543):862-4. "An extensive class of small RNAs in Caenorhabditis elegans. Lee RC1, Ambros V.〕 and he was the first to describe microRNAs in plants.〔"Genes Dev." 2002 Jul 1;16(13):1616-26. "MicroRNAs in plants." Reinhart BJ1, Weinstein EG, Rhoades MW, Bartel B, Bartel DP.〕〔"Cell". 2002 Aug 23;110(4):513-20. "Prediction of plant microRNA targets." Rhoades MW1, Reinhart BJ, Lim LP, Burge CB, Bartel B, Bartel DP.〕 Through his work with microRNAs, he developed a methodology that predicts their regulatory targets and created the web-based tool TargetScan, which calculates a microRNA’s targets based on its seed region.〔"Cell". 2005 Jan 14;120(1):15-20. "Conserved seed pairing, often flanked by adenosines, indicates that thousands of human genes are microRNA targets." Lewis BP, Burge CB, Bartel DP.〕〔"Mol Cell". 2007 Jul 6;27(1):91-105. "MicroRNA targeting specificity in mammals: determinants beyond seed pairing." Grimson A1, Farh KK, Johnston WK, Garrett-Engele P, Lim LP, Bartel DP.〕〔"Genome Res." 2009 Jan;19(1):92-105. "Most mammalian mRNAs are conserved targets of microRNAs." Friedman RC1, Farh KK, Burge CB, Bartel DP.〕 His research has also shown that most human mRNAs are regulated by microRNAs.〔 In 2006, he was placed second by Thomson Reuters in a 'citations' ranking in the field of Molecular Biology/Genetics. He has received several awards and was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2011.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Whitehead Member David Bartel elected to National Academy of Sciences )〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「David Bartel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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